Understanding EPCs

Your complete guide to Energy Performance Certificates. Understand the ratings, requirements, and benefits of having an up-to-date EPC.

What is an Energy Performance Certificate?

An Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) is a legally required document that provides a detailed overview of a property's energy efficiency. It gives the property an energy efficiency rating from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient) and is valid for 10 years.

The certificate includes information on the property's energy use, carbon dioxide emissions, and a recommendation report with suggestions on how to improve the property's energy efficiency. This helps homeowners, landlords, and potential buyers or tenants understand the energy running costs of a property and how they can be reduced.

A92-100
B81-91
C69-80
D55-68
E39-54
F21-38
G1-20

Energy Efficiency Rating

When is an EPC Required?
  • Selling a Property: You must order an EPC for potential buyers before you market your property to sell.
  • Renting a Property: Landlords need to provide tenants with a valid EPC. Since 2018, rental properties must have a minimum EPC rating of 'E' (unless exempt).
  • Newly Built Properties: All new build homes require a SAP EPC before they can be sold or rented out.

The EPC Report Explained

The EPC report has two main parts. First, the energy efficiency rating, which is a visual A-G scale showing the current and potential rating of the property. A higher rating means lower energy bills.

Second, the recommendation report. This section provides a list of cost-effective measures to improve the building's energy rating. Recommendations can include:

  • Loft insulation
  • Cavity or solid wall insulation
  • Upgrading to double or triple glazing
  • Installing a more efficient boiler
  • Switching to low-energy lighting
  • Installing renewable energy technology like solar panels